嵌入式外設(shè)-溫濕度+大氣壓強(qiáng)傳感器（AHT20+BMP280）

一、前言

通過AHT20+BMP280傳感器模塊，用戶可以方便地獲取環(huán)境參數(shù)，實現(xiàn)環(huán)境監(jiān)測和數(shù)據(jù)分析，廣泛應(yīng)用于智能家居、氣象監(jiān)測、環(huán)境監(jiān)測等領(lǐng)域。
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二、簡介

### AHT20傳感器：

**1. 基本參數(shù)：**
- 測量范圍：濕度0%至100%RH，溫度-40°C至85°C
- 分辨率：濕度0.1%，溫度0.1°C
- 精度：±2%RH (25°C時)，±0.3°C (25°C時)
- 通信接口：I2C
- 尺寸：較小，便于集成到各種應(yīng)用中

**2. 特點：**
- 高精度和高可靠性
- 快速響應(yīng)時間
- 低功耗
- 抗干擾能力強(qiáng)

**3. 應(yīng)用：**
- 智能家居系統(tǒng)
- 環(huán)境監(jiān)測
- 消費電子產(chǎn)品
- 舒適性控制

### BMP280傳感器：

**1. 基本參數(shù)：**
- 測量范圍：溫度-40°C至85°C，壓力300hPa至1100hPa
- 分辨率：溫度0.01°C，壓力0.1hPa
- 精度：±2hPa
- 通信接口：I2C或SPI
- 尺寸：較小，便于集成

**2. 特點：**
- 高精度測量
- 可編程的分辨率
- 超低功耗
- 優(yōu)秀的溫度穩(wěn)定性

**3. 應(yīng)用：**
- 智能手機(jī)和穿戴設(shè)備
- 氣象站
- 高精度導(dǎo)航
- 垂直定位

三、資料獲取

關(guān)注微信公眾號--星之援工作室 發(fā)送關(guān)鍵字（AHT20+BMP280）

代碼含重要注釋，開源，可自行移植

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四、設(shè)備使用

實現(xiàn)效果

使用串口可以直接獲取到監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)

接線

PB8 -> SCL
PB9 -> SDA

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四、代碼編寫

main.c

?實現(xiàn)函數(shù)調(diào)用

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stm32f10x_usart.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "bsp_i2c.h"
#include "ATH20.h"
#include "BMP280.h"

void RCC_Configuration(void);
void GPIO_Configuration(void);

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

#pragma import(__use_no_semihosting)
struct __FILE
{
	int handle;

};
FILE __stdout;
_sys_exit(int x)
{
	x = x;
}
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
	while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC)==RESET);
    USART_SendData(USART1,(uint8_t)ch);
	return ch;
}

void uart_init(u32 bound)
{
    //GPIO端口設(shè)置
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);	//使能USART1，GPIOA時鐘
 	USART_DeInit(USART1);  //復(fù)位串口1
    //USART1_TX   PA.9
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9; //PA.9
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;	//復(fù)用推挽輸出
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //初始化PA9

    //USART1_RX	  PA.10
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;//浮空輸入
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);  //初始化PA10

    //USART 初始化設(shè)置
	USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = bound;//一般設(shè)置為9600;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;//字長為8位數(shù)據(jù)格式
	USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;//一個停止位
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;//無奇偶校驗位
	USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;//無硬件數(shù)據(jù)流控制
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;	//收發(fā)模式

    USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure); //初始化串口

    USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);                    //使能串口
}

int main(void)
{
    uint8_t ret = 0;
    float P,T,ALT;
    uint32_t CT_data[2];
	int  c1,t1;
    uint8_t LED_Stat = 0;

    RCC_Configuration();					   	//設(shè)置系統(tǒng)時鐘
    GPIO_Configuration();					    //IO口設(shè)
    I2C_Bus_Init();

    uart_init(115200);

    ret = ATH20_Init();
    if(ret == 0)
    {
        printf("ATH20傳感器初始化錯誤n");
        while(1);
    }

    ret = BMP280_Init();
    if(ret != 0x58)
    {
        printf("BMP280傳感器初始化錯誤n");
        while(1);
    }

    while(1)
    {
        /* 讀取 ATH20 傳感器數(shù)據(jù)*/
        while(ATH20_Read_Cal_Enable() == 0)
        {
            ATH20_Init();//如果為0再使能一次
            SoftDelay_ms(30);
        }
        ATH20_Read_CTdata(CT_data);  //讀取溫度和濕度
        c1 = CT_data[0] * 1000 / 1024 / 1024;  //計算得到濕度值（放大了10倍,如果c1=523，表示現(xiàn)在濕度為52.3%）
        t1 = CT_data[1] * 200 *10 / 1024 / 1024 - 500;//計算得到溫度值（放大了10倍，如果t1=245，表示現(xiàn)在溫度為24.5℃）

        /* 讀取 BMP280 傳感器數(shù)據(jù)*/
        BMP280GetData(&P, &T, &ALT);

        printf("***************************n");
        printf("AHT20溫濕度傳感器測試數(shù)據(jù):n");
        printf("溫度: %d.%d ℃n",(t1/10),(t1%10));
        printf("濕度: %d.%d %%n",(c1/10),(c1%10));
        printf("n");
        printf("BMP280傳感器測試數(shù)據(jù):n");
        printf("氣壓: %0.4f hPan",P);
        printf("溫度: %0.2f ℃n",T);
        printf("海拔: %0.2f mn",ALT);
        printf("nn");

        SoftDelay_ms(1000);

        if(LED_Stat == 0)
        {
            LED_Stat = 1;
            GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2);
        }
        else
        {
            LED_Stat = 0;
            GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2);
        }
    }
}

void RCC_Configuration(void)
{
  SystemInit();

  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC
  						| RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD| RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE , ENABLE);
}

void GPIO_Configuration(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2 | GPIO_Pin_4 | GPIO_Pin_5 | GPIO_Pin_7;				     //狀態(tài)LED1
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;			 //通用推挽輸出模式
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;			 //輸出模式最大速度50MHz
  GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

iic.c

實現(xiàn) IIC 通信

#include "bsp_i2c.h"
#include "stm32f10x_i2c.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include "stdio.h"

#define mdelay SoftDelay_ms

#define Soft_I2C_SDA_STATE   	GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(Soft_I2C_PORT, Soft_I2C_SDA)
#define Soft_I2C_DELAY 			Soft_I2C_Delay(100000)
#define Soft_I2C_NOP			Soft_I2C_Delay(10)

#define Soft_I2C_READY		0x00
#define Soft_I2C_BUS_BUSY	0x01
#define Soft_I2C_BUS_ERROR	0x02

#define Soft_I2C_NACK  	    0x00
#define Soft_I2C_ACK		0x01

static void Soft_I2C_Delay(uint32_t dly)
{
	while(--dly);	//dly=100: 8.75us; dly=100: 85.58 us (SYSCLK=72MHz)
}

static unsigned short RETRY_IN_MLSEC  = 55;

/**
  * @brief  設(shè)置iic重試時間
  * @param  ml_sec：重試的時間，單位毫秒
  * @retval 重試的時間，單位毫秒
  */
void Set_I2C_Retry(unsigned short ml_sec)
{
    RETRY_IN_MLSEC = ml_sec;
}

/**
  * @brief  獲取設(shè)置的iic重試時間
  * @param  none
  * @retval none
  */
unsigned short Get_I2C_Retry(void)
{
    return RETRY_IN_MLSEC;
}

static void Soft_I2C_Configuration(void)
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,ENABLE);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = Soft_I2C_SCL | Soft_I2C_SDA;					//配置使用的I2C口
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;   //設(shè)置I2C口最大允許輸出速度
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_OD;	  //設(shè)置I2C為開漏輸出
    GPIO_Init(Soft_I2C_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);

	Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
	Soft_I2C_SDA_1;
	Soft_I2C_DELAY;
}

void I2C_Bus_Init(void)
{
	Set_I2C_Retry(5);
	Soft_I2C_Configuration();
}

static uint8_t Soft_I2C_START(void)
{
	Soft_I2C_SDA_1;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;

 	Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;

 	if(!Soft_I2C_SDA_STATE)
        return Soft_I2C_BUS_BUSY;

 	Soft_I2C_SDA_0;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;

 	Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;

 	if(Soft_I2C_SDA_STATE)
        return Soft_I2C_BUS_ERROR;

 	return Soft_I2C_READY;
}

static void Soft_I2C_STOP(void)
{
 	Soft_I2C_SDA_0;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;

 	Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;

 	Soft_I2C_SDA_1;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;
}

static void Soft_I2C_SendACK(void)
{
 	Soft_I2C_SDA_0;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;
 	Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;
 	Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
 	Soft_I2C_NOP;
}

static void Soft_I2C_SendNACK(void)
{
	Soft_I2C_SDA_1;
	Soft_I2C_NOP;
	Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
	Soft_I2C_NOP;
	Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
	Soft_I2C_NOP;
}

/**
  * @brief  等待應(yīng)答信號到來
  * @retval 返回值：1，接收應(yīng)答失敗
	*									0，接收應(yīng)答成功
  */
uint8_t Soft_I2C_Wait_Ack(void)
{
	uint8_t ucErrTime=0;

	Soft_I2C_SDA_1;
	Soft_I2C_NOP;
	Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
	Soft_I2C_NOP;

	while(Soft_I2C_SDA_STATE)
	{
		ucErrTime ++;
		if(ucErrTime > 250)
		{
			Soft_I2C_STOP();
			return Soft_I2C_BUS_ERROR;
		}
	}
	Soft_I2C_SCL_0;//時鐘輸出0
	return 0;
}

static uint8_t Soft_I2C_SendByte(uint8_t soft_i2c_data)
{
 	uint8_t i;

	Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
 	for(i=0; i<8; i++)
 	{
  		if(soft_i2c_data & 0x80)
            Soft_I2C_SDA_1;
   		else
            Soft_I2C_SDA_0;
  		soft_i2c_data <<= 1;
  		Soft_I2C_NOP;

  		Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
  		Soft_I2C_NOP;
  		Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
  		Soft_I2C_NOP;
 	}
	return Soft_I2C_Wait_Ack();
}

static uint8_t Soft_I2C_ReceiveByte(void)
{
	uint8_t i,soft_i2c_data;

 	Soft_I2C_SDA_1;
 	Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
 	soft_i2c_data = 0;

 	for(i=0; i<8; i++)
 	{
  		Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
  		Soft_I2C_NOP;
  		soft_i2c_data <<= 1;

  		if(Soft_I2C_SDA_STATE)
  			soft_i2c_data |= 0x01;

  		Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
  		Soft_I2C_NOP;
 	}
	Soft_I2C_SendNACK();
 	return soft_i2c_data;
}

static uint8_t Soft_I2C_ReceiveByte_WithACK(void)
{
	uint8_t i,soft_i2c_data;

 	Soft_I2C_SDA_1;
 	Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
 	soft_i2c_data = 0;

 	for(i=0; i<8; i++)
 	{
  		Soft_I2C_SCL_1;
  		Soft_I2C_NOP;
  		soft_i2c_data <<= 1;

  		if(Soft_I2C_SDA_STATE)
  			soft_i2c_data |= 0x01;

  		Soft_I2C_SCL_0;
  		Soft_I2C_NOP;
 	}
	Soft_I2C_SendACK();
 	return soft_i2c_data;
}

static uint8_t Soft_DMP_I2C_Write(uint8_t soft_dev_addr, uint8_t soft_reg_addr, uint8_t soft_i2c_len,unsigned char *soft_i2c_data_buf)
{
    uint8_t i, result = 0;
	Soft_I2C_START();
	result = Soft_I2C_SendByte(soft_dev_addr << 1 | I2C_Direction_Transmitter);
	if(result != 0) return result;

	result = Soft_I2C_SendByte(soft_reg_addr);
	if(result != 0) return result;

	for (i=0; i<soft_i2c_len; i++)
	{
		result = Soft_I2C_SendByte(soft_i2c_data_buf[i]);
		if (result != 0) return result;
	}
	Soft_I2C_STOP();
	return 0x00;
}

static uint8_t Soft_DMP_I2C_Read(uint8_t soft_dev_addr, uint8_t soft_reg_addr, uint8_t soft_i2c_len,unsigned char *soft_i2c_data_buf)
{
	uint8_t result;

	Soft_I2C_START();
	result  = Soft_I2C_SendByte(soft_dev_addr << 1 | I2C_Direction_Transmitter);
	if(result != 0) return result;

	result = Soft_I2C_SendByte(soft_reg_addr);
   //printf("addr:0x%xn",result);
	if(result != 0) return result;

	Soft_I2C_START();
	result = Soft_I2C_SendByte(soft_dev_addr << 1 | I2C_Direction_Receiver);
	if(result != 0) return result;

    while (soft_i2c_len)
	{
		if (soft_i2c_len == 1)
			*soft_i2c_data_buf = Soft_I2C_ReceiveByte();
        else
        	*soft_i2c_data_buf = Soft_I2C_ReceiveByte_WithACK();
        soft_i2c_data_buf ++;
        soft_i2c_len --;
    }
	Soft_I2C_STOP();
    return 0x00;
}

/**
  * @brief  向IIC設(shè)備的寄存器連續(xù)寫入數(shù)據(jù)，帶超時重試設(shè)置，供mpu接口調(diào)用
  * @param  Address: IIC設(shè)備地址
  * @param  RegisterAddr: 寄存器地址
  * @param  RegisterLen: 要寫入數(shù)據(jù)的長度
  * @param  RegisterValue: 要指向?qū)懭霐?shù)據(jù)的指針
  * @retval 0正常，非0異常
  */
int Sensors_I2C_WriteRegister(unsigned char slave_addr,
                                        unsigned char reg_addr,
                                        unsigned short len,
                                        const unsigned char *data_ptr)
{
    char retries = 0;
    int ret = 0;
    unsigned short retry_in_mlsec = Get_I2C_Retry();

tryWriteAgain:
    ret = 0;
    ret = Soft_DMP_I2C_Write( slave_addr, reg_addr, len, ( unsigned char *)data_ptr);

    if(ret && retry_in_mlsec)
    {
        if( retries++ > 4 )
            return ret;

        mdelay(retry_in_mlsec);
        goto tryWriteAgain;
    }
    return ret;
}

/**
  * @brief  向IIC設(shè)備的寄存器連續(xù)讀出數(shù)據(jù),帶超時重試設(shè)置，供mpu接口調(diào)用
  * @param  Address: IIC設(shè)備地址
  * @param  RegisterAddr: 寄存器地址
  * @param  RegisterLen: 要讀取的數(shù)據(jù)長度
  * @param  RegisterValue: 指向存儲讀出數(shù)據(jù)的指針
  * @retval 0正常，非0異常
  */
int Sensors_I2C_ReadRegister(unsigned char slave_addr,
                                       unsigned char reg_addr,
                                       unsigned short len,
                                       unsigned char *data_ptr)
{
    char retries = 0;
    int ret = 0;
    unsigned short retry_in_mlsec = Get_I2C_Retry();

tryReadAgain:
    ret = 0;
    ret = Soft_DMP_I2C_Read( slave_addr, reg_addr, len, ( unsigned char *)data_ptr);

    if(ret && retry_in_mlsec)
    {
        if( retries++ > 4 )
            return ret;

        mdelay(retry_in_mlsec);
        goto tryReadAgain;
    }
    return ret;
}

iic.h

#ifndef __BSP_I2C_H
#define	__BSP_I2C_H

#include "stm32f10x.h"

/*********************軟件IIC使用的宏****************************/
#define Soft_I2C_SDA 		GPIO_Pin_9
#define Soft_I2C_SCL 		GPIO_Pin_8
#define Soft_I2C_PORT       GPIOB
//
#define Soft_I2C_SCL_0 		GPIO_ResetBits(Soft_I2C_PORT, Soft_I2C_SCL)
#define Soft_I2C_SCL_1 		GPIO_SetBits(Soft_I2C_PORT, Soft_I2C_SCL)
#define Soft_I2C_SDA_0 		GPIO_ResetBits(Soft_I2C_PORT, Soft_I2C_SDA)
#define Soft_I2C_SDA_1   	GPIO_SetBits(Soft_I2C_PORT, Soft_I2C_SDA)

/*等待超時時間*/
#define I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT         ((uint32_t)0x1000)
#define I2CT_LONG_TIMEOUT         ((uint32_t)(10 * I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT))


void I2C_Bus_Init(void);

void Set_I2C_Retry(unsigned short ml_sec);
unsigned short Get_I2C_Retry(void);
int Sensors_I2C_ReadRegister(unsigned char Address, unsigned char RegisterAddr, 
                                          unsigned short RegisterLen, unsigned char *RegisterValue);
int Sensors_I2C_WriteRegister(unsigned char Address, unsigned char RegisterAddr, 
                                           unsigned short RegisterLen, const unsigned char *RegisterValue);

#endif

五、參考

基于STM32和ATH20實現(xiàn)OLED顯示溫濕度https://blog.csdn.net/rzh222/article/details/121546671?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%252259126DE9-75DF-4924-9566-AFE890C5D4C7%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&request_id=59126DE9-75DF-4924-9566-AFE890C5D4C7&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-6-121546671-null-null.142%5Ev100%5Epc_search_result_base4&utm_term=ATH20&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187STM32驅(qū)動BMP280模塊https://blog.csdn.net/bdjsm_hh/article/details/107623788?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522CDAA3989-3760-4724-B20D-90FC5527935F%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334..%2522%257D&request_id=CDAA3989-3760-4724-B20D-90FC5527935F&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~top_positive~default-1-107623788-null-null.142%5Ev100%5Epc_search_result_base4&utm_term=BMP280&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187

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